Antique Elgin Pocket Watch Value Guide: Identification & Price Factors
Discover what makes antique Elgin pocket watches valuable. Learn how to identify valuable models, price ranges, and factors that affect their worth in today's market.
By Appraisily TeamLast updated August 13, 2024
Antique Elgin pocket watches represent a fascinating piece of American watchmaking history. Renowned for their precision, reliability, and craftsmanship, these timepieces have become highly sought after by collectors worldwide. Understanding what makes an Elgin pocket watch valuable requires knowledge of the company’s rich history, identification techniques, and the various factors that impact market prices.
Whether you’ve inherited a family heirloom or are considering adding an Elgin to your collection, this comprehensive guide will help you determine the value of these remarkable timepieces. From rare railroad grades to elegant gold cases, we’ll explore the full spectrum of Elgin pocket watch values in today’s market.
<span>The Elgin National Watch Company History</span>
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<div class="section-header__body">Understanding Elgin’s place in American watchmaking history provides important context for valuing these timepieces today.</div>
The Elgin National Watch Company (originally the National Watch Company) was founded in 1864 in Elgin, Illinois. For nearly 100 years, until it ceased production in 1968, Elgin manufactured approximately 60 million watches, making it one of the largest American watch manufacturers in history.
Elgin’s watches were known for their reliability and precision, with the company pioneering mass-production techniques that made quality timepieces more accessible to the average American. This combination of quality and accessibility has contributed significantly to their collectibility today.
Elgin Pocket Watch History
1864
Company Founded
The National Watch Company was established in Elgin, Illinois.
1874
Name Change
The company officially changed its name to the Elgin National Watch Company.
1910s
Peak Production
Elgin reached its production zenith, producing pocket watches in numerous grades and styles.
1920s-30s
Transition Period
While continuing pocket watch production, Elgin began transitioning to wristwatches.
1968
End of Production
Elgin ceased manufacturing watches in the United States.
During its operation, Elgin produced watches in a wide range of grades (quality levels), sizes, and case materials. Railroad-grade Elgin watches, which had to meet strict standards for accuracy and reliability, are particularly valued by collectors today.
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<span>Identifying Your Elgin Pocket Watch</span>
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<div class="section-header__body">Before determining value, you must properly identify your Elgin pocket watch using serial numbers and other distinguishing features.</div>
Elgin pocket watches can be identified and dated through their serial numbers, which are typically found on the movement (the internal mechanism) rather than on the case. This is because cases and movements were often sold separately, with customers selecting their preferred case style.
Finding the Serial Number
Carefully open the back case of your pocket watch
Look for the serial number engraved on the movement
The serial number may be on the main plate, visible when the case is open
Once you have the serial number, you can reference online Elgin serial number databases to determine:
The exact year of manufacture
The grade or model of the watch
The jewel count and quality level
Original factory specifications
Reliable resources for Elgin serial number lookup include:
Pocket watch size is denoted by a numerical system, with Elgin producing watches in sizes ranging from 0 (smallest) to 18 (largest). The most common sizes for men’s Elgin pocket watches were:
18 size: 1¾ inches (44.45 mm) diameter - early models, often railroad grades
16 size: 1⅝ inches (41.28 mm) diameter - common for later railroad and high-grade watches
Ladies’ Elgin pocket watches typically came in smaller sizes, including 0, 3, and 6.
Movement Jewel Count
The number of jewels in an Elgin movement is a significant factor in determining quality and value:
7 jewels: Basic quality
15 jewels: Standard quality
17 jewels: Higher quality
19-23 jewels: Premium quality, often found in railroad grades
Higher jewel counts generally indicate more valuable watches, as the additional jewels (typically made of synthetic ruby) reduced friction and improved accuracy and longevity.
<div class="section-header__body">Multiple characteristics influence how much collectors and enthusiasts are willing to pay for an antique Elgin timepiece.</div>
The value of an antique Elgin pocket watch is determined by several key factors, which can dramatically affect pricing from just a few hundred dollars to several thousand.
Key Value Factors
30-50%
Premium for Railroad Grades
Railroad-approved models command significant premiums over standard grades
$500-1500
Case Material Impact
The difference a solid gold case can make to watch value compared to gold-filled
40-60%
Condition Premium
Value increase for excellent vs. poor condition examples of the same model
Material and Case Type
Case material significantly impacts an Elgin pocket watch’s value:
Solid Gold Cases: 14K or 18K gold cases command the highest prices, particularly if they feature intricate engravings, engine-turning, or high-relief decoration.
Gold-Filled Cases: Less valuable than solid gold but more desirable than base metals. The gold content (typically 1/20 to 1/10) and condition of the gold layer affect value.
Silver Cases: Sterling silver cases hold moderate value, especially with attractive patina and ornamentation.
Base Metal Cases: Nickel, brass, or chrome-plated cases typically have the lowest value.
Case types also affect value:
Hunter Cases: Featuring a protective cover over the crystal
Half-Hunter Cases: With a small window in the cover to view the time
Open-Face Cases: Without a protective cover over the crystal
Rarity and Historical Significance
Rare models or those with historical significance command premium prices:
Limited Production Runs: Some high-grade movements were produced in small quantities.
Military Watches: Elgin watches used in World Wars I and II, especially those with military markings.
Presentation Watches: Timepieces given as awards or commemorative gifts.
First or Last of a Production Series: The first or last watches of a particular model.
Complications and Special Features
Watches with additional functions (complications) or special features are more valuable:
Chronograph Functions: Stopwatch capabilities
Calendar Complications: Date displays
Repeaters: Watches that chime the time
Unusual Dial Designs: Fancy dials, multi-colored metals, or special numerals
Fancy Hands: Unusual or ornate hand designs
Provenance and Documentation
Documented history adds significant value:
Original Box and Papers: Having the original packaging and documentation
Service Records: Documentation of professional maintenance
Celebrity or Historical Ownership: Watches owned by famous individuals
Family Documentation: Records proving ownership history or special significance
Value Assessment Checklist
Check all applicable items to gauge potential value factors for your Elgin pocket watch
Solid gold case (14K or 18K)
Railroad-grade movement (19+ jewels)
Original box and papers
Movement in working condition
Intact original dial without repairs
Pre-1900 manufacture date
Special complications (chronograph, repeater, etc.)
Military issue or with military markings
Known provenance or historical significance
Ornate case with intact decoration
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<span>Elgin Pocket Watch Price Ranges</span>
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<div class="section-header__body">Today’s market values for antique Elgin pocket watches vary widely based on several key factors.</div>
The current market for Elgin pocket watches shows significant variation in prices based on the factors we’ve discussed. Here’s a breakdown of typical price ranges you might expect:
Elgin Gold-Filled Hunting Case Pocket Watch (17 jewels)
$425
April 2024
Bidsquare
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Market Trends
Several trends are currently influencing Elgin pocket watch values:
Rising Collector Interest: Growing appreciation for mechanical timepieces has increased demand for quality antique watches.
Condition Premium: The gap between average and excellent condition examples continues to widen, with perfect specimens commanding significant premiums.
Original Components: Watches with all-original parts (especially dials and hands) are increasingly valued over restored pieces.
Documentation Value: Complete provenance and original documentation can add 20-30% to a watch’s value.
Railroad Grade Appreciation: Railroad-approved Elgin watches continue to appreciate faster than standard grades.
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<span>Notable Elgin Models & Their Values</span>
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<div class="section-header__body">Certain Elgin pocket watch models stand out for their exceptional craftsmanship, rarity, or historical significance.</div>
Elgin produced numerous models throughout its history, but several stand out as particularly valuable to collectors:
Father Time Grade
The Father Time grade represents some of Elgin’s finest watchmaking. These high-jewel-count (21-23) movements were precision-adjusted and often served as railroad watches.
Value Range: $1,200-$2,500 (depending on case material and condition)
B.W. Raymond Railroad Grade
Named after one of Elgin’s founders, the B.W. Raymond grade was one of Elgin’s premier railroad watch lines. These watches typically featured 17-23 jewel movements and were adjusted to multiple positions for accuracy.
Value Range: $800-$2,000 (higher for gold cases and pristine examples)
Lord Elgin Series
While more commonly known for wristwatches, the Lord Elgin designation was also used for some of the company’s higher-end pocket watches in later production years. These watches often featured 19-21 jewel movements and attractive cases.
Value Range: $600-$1,500
Early Key-Wind Models
Elgin’s earliest pocket watches (pre-1870s) used key-wind mechanisms rather than the later stem-wind design. These early examples, particularly those with serial numbers below 10,000, are prized by collectors for their historical significance.
Value Range: $1,000-$3,000 (depending on condition and originality)
Military Issue Watches
Elgin produced watches for military use during both World Wars. These watches typically featured more utilitarian designs with black dials and luminous hands and numerals for visibility in low light.
Value Range: $500-$1,200 (higher for documented service pieces)
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<span>Assessing Condition & Authenticity</span>
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<div class="section-header__body">Understanding how to evaluate the condition and confirm the authenticity of an Elgin pocket watch is crucial for accurate valuation.</div>
Condition is perhaps the single most important factor in determining an Elgin pocket watch’s value. Collectors and dealers typically assess pocket watches using the following criteria:
Case Condition Assessment
Case condition significantly affects value, with originality being paramount:
Excellent: No dents, dings, or brassing (wearing away of gold fill); all hinges work properly; case maintains original finish and details
Good: Minor wear consistent with age; small dings or scratches; hinges function properly
Fair: Noticeable wear; some dents; visible brassing on gold-filled cases; hinges may be loose
Poor: Significant damage; major dents; extensive brassing; broken hinges or other damage
Dial Condition
Original dials in good condition dramatically increase a watch’s value:
Excellent: No hairline cracks, chips, or discoloration; numbers and minute markers fully intact
Good: Minor hairline cracks; slight discoloration consistent with age; all numerals intact
Fair: Visible cracks or chips; moderate discoloration; some fading of numerals
A working movement in original condition commands the highest prices:
Excellent: Fully functional; all original parts; clean and well-maintained; accurate timekeeping
Good: Working condition; may need cleaning but all functions operate; minimal wear on parts
Fair: Runs but not accurately; may stop occasionally; visible wear on parts; may be missing some non-essential components
Poor: Not running; excessive wear; missing parts; damage to plates or jewels
Authenticity Verification
Ensuring your Elgin pocket watch is authentic is essential for accurate valuation:
Serial Number Consistency: The serial number should match Elgin’s production records for that particular model and grade.
Correct Markings: Authentic Elgin movements will be clearly marked with “Elgin Natl. Watch Co.” or similar manufacturer marks.
Appropriate Materials: Cases should be made from period-appropriate materials using techniques consistent with the era.
Movement Design: The architecture of the movement should match known Elgin designs from the appropriate period.
Component Matching: All components (dial, hands, case, and movement) should be consistent with the manufacturing period.
Red flags for potential inauthenticity or problematic restoration include:
Mismatched serial numbers between case and movement
Evidence of modern repair techniques or materials
Inconsistencies between the movement grade and jewel count
Dial restorations not disclosed by the seller
Replacement hands that don’t match the period style
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<span>Where to Sell Antique Elgin Watches</span>
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<div class="section-header__body">When the time comes to sell an Elgin pocket watch, choosing the right venue can significantly impact your final return.</div>
If you’re considering selling an antique Elgin pocket watch, various options are available, each with advantages and drawbacks:
Auction Houses
Pros:
Expert appraisals and authentication
Access to serious collectors
Potential for competitive bidding driving up prices
Professional marketing of valuable pieces
Cons:
High commission rates (typically 15-25%)
May only accept higher-value pieces
Sales process can take months
Best for: Rare, high-grade Elgin watches valued above $1,000
The serial number will reveal not only the manufacturing date but also details about the movement grade and original specifications.
Are Elgin watches worth anything?
Yes, Elgin watches can be quite valuable depending on several factors:
Most basic Elgin pocket watches in working condition typically sell for $100-$300
High-grade models with gold-filled cases can be worth $300-$800
Railroad-grade Elgins with high jewel counts often fetch $800-$2,000
Solid gold case models may sell for $1,200-$3,000
Exceptionally rare or historically significant pieces can exceed $5,000
The watch’s condition, originality, movement grade, case material, and historical significance all impact its value significantly.
How do I know if my Elgin pocket watch is gold?
Determining if your Elgin pocket watch case is gold requires examining the case markings:
Solid gold cases will be stamped "14K," "18K," or "FINE GOLD" with a numerical karat mark
Gold-filled cases (the most common) will be marked "GUARANTEED 20 YEARS," "WARRANTED 10 YEARS," or similar, along with "1/10 GF" or "1/20 GF" indicating the proportion of gold
Rolled gold cases have a thinner layer of gold than gold-filled and are marked "RGP"
Gold-plated cases have the thinnest gold layer and offer minimal value
Look for these marks inside the case back or on the inside of the dust cover. If uncertain, a jeweler can test the metal content.
What is the most valuable Elgin pocket watch?
The most valuable Elgin pocket watches typically include:
Very early production models from the 1860s-1870s with key-wind mechanisms and low serial numbers
Special order or custom-made Elgins with unique features or complications
Historically significant pieces with documented provenance (e.g., owned by notable figures)
Pristine examples of high-grade railroad watches in original boxes with papers
A particularly notable example was an Elgin presentation watch in an elaborately engraved 18K gold hunter case with a 21-jewel movement that sold at auction for over $8,500 in 2022.
Is there a market for antique pocket watches?
Yes, there is a strong and active market for antique pocket watches, including Elgin models:
Specialized collectors seek specific grades, periods, or types of watches
Online marketplaces like eBay have thousands of pocket watch listings with active bidding
Auction houses regularly include fine pocket watches in their horological sales
Vintage watch dealers maintain waiting lists for certain desirable models
Watch collector forums have dedicated buy/sell sections with regular transactions
The market is particularly strong for high-grade railroad watches, solid gold cased examples, and watches in exceptional original condition. Interest in mechanical timepieces has grown as collectors appreciate the craftsmanship of these historical pieces.
How do I identify a railroad-grade Elgin pocket watch?
Railroad-grade Elgin pocket watches can be identified by several key characteristics:
Size: Typically 16 or 18 size movements
Jewel count: Usually 19-23 jewels
Adjustments: Marked "Adjusted to 5 positions" or "Adjusted to temperature and positions"
Dial: Often features bold Arabic numerals and a prominent seconds subdial
Movement grade: Look for premium grades like "B.W. Raymond," "Father Time," or "Veritas"
Serial number: When looked up, will confirm railroad-grade specifications
Railroad watches needed to meet strict standards established by railroad companies for accuracy and reliability. After 1908, most railroads required watches to have at least 17 jewels, be adjusted to at least 5 positions, and maintain accuracy within 30 seconds per week.
How much does it cost to repair an antique Elgin pocket watch?
Repair costs for antique Elgin pocket watches vary based on the service needed:
Basic cleaning and oiling: $150-$300
Overhaul (complete disassembly, cleaning, and adjustment): $250-$450
Balance staff replacement: $150-$250
Mainspring replacement: $100-$200
Crystal replacement: $30-$100 (more for rare or fitted crystals)
Case repair: $50-$300+ depending on complexity and materials
Dial restoration: $150-$400 depending on damage extent
For valuable watches, it’s advisable to use a watchmaker specializing in antique timepieces. Poor repairs or inappropriate modern parts can significantly reduce a watch’s value. Always discuss whether original parts are available before authorizing repairs.
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<span>Conclusion</span>
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<div class="section-header__body">Antique Elgin pocket watches represent both horological history and potential investment value.</div>
Antique Elgin pocket watches continue to captivate collectors with their combination of American industrial history, mechanical ingenuity, and aesthetic beauty. From modest $100 examples to rare pieces worth thousands, the market offers options for collectors at every level.
When evaluating the value of an Elgin pocket watch, remember to consider the complete picture: the movement quality, case material, overall condition, and historical significance all play crucial roles in determining worth. Documentation and provenance can further enhance value, particularly for higher-end pieces.
Whether you’re inheriting a family heirloom, building a collection, or considering an investment, understanding these valuation factors will help you make informed decisions about purchasing, selling, or preserving these remarkable timepieces for future generations.
For the most accurate valuation of a specific Elgin pocket watch, consider consulting with a professional appraiser who specializes in antique timepieces, particularly for watches that may have significant value or historical importance.
External Resources for Elgin Pocket Watch Collectors
